For thousands of international students in Canada, the Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) serves as a bridge to gain valuable work experience in the country. However, since the PGWP is non-renewable, many face uncertainty when it nears expiration. Fortunately, transitioning to a Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) work permit provides a viable solution. This article offers a comprehensive guide for Indian students and professionals seeking to extend their stay in Canada through the TFWP.
Understanding the TFWP Work Permit
The TFWP is an employer-specific (closed) work permit, meaning the holder can only work for the employer mentioned on the permit. Unlike the PGWP, which allows open work authorization, the TFWP requires employer sponsorship and a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA).
Key Differences Between PGWP and TFWP
| Feature | PGWP | TFWP |
|---|---|---|
| Work Authorization | Open permit | Employer-specific |
| Duration | 8 months to 3 years | Varies based on LMIA |
| Renewability | Non-renewable | Requires a new LMIA for extension |
| LMIA Requirement | Not needed | Mandatory in most cases |
What is an LMIA?
An LMIA is a document issued by Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) that assesses the impact of hiring a foreign worker on the Canadian labor market. Employers must prove they could not find a Canadian citizen or permanent resident for the position.
Steps to Obtain an LMIA-Based TFWP Work Permit
- Secure a Job Offer: The employer must provide a formal job offer.
- LMIA Application: The employer submits an LMIA request to ESDC.
- LMIA Approval: If the result is positive or neutral, the worker can proceed with the work permit application.
- Work Permit Application: The foreign worker submits an application to Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).
- Approval & Employment: If approved, the worker receives a closed work permit.
Current LMIA Restrictions and Processing Times
In 2024, the Canadian government introduced additional restrictions to LMIA processing in response to labor market conditions.
Restrictions Include:
- High Unemployment Areas: LMIAs for low-wage positions in census metropolitan areas (CMAs) with an unemployment rate of 6% or higher may be denied.
- Industry-Specific Limits: Certain sectors, such as in-home caregiving with a live-in requirement and adult entertainment, face LMIA processing prohibitions.
- Employer Compliance History: Companies with revoked LMIAs in the past two years or those on IRCC’s ineligible employer list cannot hire under the TFWP.
Processing Times (As of January 2025)
| Stream | Processing Time |
| High-wage stream | 68 days |
| Low-wage stream | 76 days |
| Work permit application (after LMIA approval) | 114 days |
The entire process, from job advertisement to work permit issuance, takes around 6 to 8 months, so applicants should plan well in advance.
How to Speak to an Employer About LMIA Sponsorship
If your PGWP is expiring, discussing LMIA sponsorship with your employer is crucial. Here’s how you can approach it:
- Initiate the Conversation Early: Begin discussions 8–10 months before your PGWP expires.
- Explain the Process: Many employers may not be familiar with LMIA requirements. Offer resources to help them understand.
- Highlight Benefits: Employers can retain skilled talent and gain from hiring international workers.
- Address Concerns: Some companies hesitate due to costs and paperwork. Assure them of your commitment and offer assistance.
Applying for a TFWP Work Permit
Once the LMIA is secured, the foreign worker can apply for a work permit via IRCC.
Documents Required
- Job offer letter
- Positive or neutral LMIA
- Proof of qualifications (education & work experience)
- Valid passport
- Proof of funds (if required)
- Language proficiency test results (if applicable)
Fees Involved
- LMIA Processing Fee: CAD $1,000 (paid by employer)
- Work Permit Fee: CAD $155
- Biometrics Fee (if required): CAD $85
Maintained Status: Can You Continue Working After PGWP Expires?
If you apply for a TFWP work permit before your PGWP expires, you qualify for maintained status (formerly “implied status”). This allows you to continue working under the same conditions as your PGWP until IRCC makes a decision on your new work permit.
Faster Processing: The Global Talent Stream (GTS)
For highly skilled workers in tech and specialized industries, the Global Talent Stream (GTS) under the TFWP offers an expedited LMIA process.
Benefits of GTS
- LMIA Processing in 10 Business Days
- No Advertising Requirement for Eligible Positions
- Priority Work Permit Processing
Eligibility for GTS
- Category A: If an employer is referred by a designated partner and the candidate has specialized skills.
- Category B: If the job is listed under Canada’s Global Talent Occupations List.
For Indian students and professionals in Canada, transitioning from a PGWP to a TFWP work permit is a strategic move to continue working and eventually gain permanent residency. However, the process is complex and time-sensitive. By understanding LMIA requirements, speaking to employers proactively, and exploring faster pathways like the Global Talent Stream, individuals can secure their future in Canada effectively.
